Tibet has been an isolated landscape on earth since the beginning of history. Early Tibetans were the nomads & shamans that formed the different tribes warring to gain control of the vast land. The word “Tibet” itself comes from the tribe “Tubo” which eventually united Tibet under its control.

King Songtsen Gampo in the 7th century who belong to the “Tubo” tribe conquered a large area to establish the first ever kingdom in the Tibetan history that went by the name of Tupo Regime. After ruling for 200 years, the Tupo Regime fell apart leaving Tibet to another 400 years of wars & instability. The grandson of Genghis Khan, Godan Khan, offered to the Sakya Monastery the rule of the united Tibet as a Mongol Empire protectorate. The Sakya rulers who practiced Buddhism were replaced in the 14th century by the Pazhu Regime. The Pazhu Regime, after ruling for about 200 years, was again replaced by the Gemi Regime. The Gemi Regime lasting only for 24 years gave way to the Gelupa Sect with the 5th Dalai Lama as the temporal & spiritual leader of Tibet.

The Dalai Lama traditions of spiritual leadership remained in effect till China took control of Tibet in 1951. However, Tibet under the Dalai Lamas was far from stability. There were repeated invasions of Tibet by the Chinese, British, and even by the Nepali rulers. Jung Bahadur Rana of Nepal invaded Tibet in the mid 19th century forcing Tibet to sign a peace treaty recognizing the diplomatic & commercial rights of Nepal over Tibet. The British Army invaded Tibet in 1905 and occupied Lhasa for 40 days.